Webhook
从 Potato 发送带 HMAC 签名的 HTTP webhook 通知,覆盖 7 类标注事件,支持指数退避重试、管理端监控以及 Python/Node 验签。
v2.4.0 新增
Webhook 让 Potato 在标注事件发生时通知外部系统,不需要轮询。可以对接数据管线、触发告警、更新仪表盘,或自动启动下游处理。
概览
只要有受支持的事件触发,Potato 就会向你配置的端点发送一个 HTTP POST 请求。payload 是 JSON,并用 HMAC-SHA256 签名,你可以据此验证请求确实来自你的 Potato 实例。
Webhook 投递完全是非阻塞的——标注请求绝不会因为 webhook 还在发送中而被拖慢。投递失败会按指数退避重试。
配置
在 YAML 配置中加一个 webhooks 段:
yaml
webhooks:
enabled: true
endpoints:
- name: "my-pipeline"
url: "https://your-system.example.com/potato-events"
secret: "your-signing-secret" # optional but recommended
events:
- annotation.created
- item.fully_annotated
- task.completed
active: true
timeout: 10多个端点
你可以配置多个端点,每个订阅不同的事件:
yaml
webhooks:
enabled: true
endpoints:
- name: "data-pipeline"
url: "https://pipeline.example.com/annotations"
secret: ${WEBHOOK_SECRET_1}
events:
- annotation.created
- item.fully_annotated
- name: "slack-alerts"
url: "https://hooks.slack.com/services/..."
events:
- task.completed
- quality.attention_check_failed
- name: "catch-all"
url: "https://logging.example.com/potato"
events:
- "*" # subscribe to all events事件类型
| 事件 | 触发时机 |
|---|---|
annotation.created | 标注者为某条实例提交了标签 |
annotation.updated | 标注者修改了之前提交的标签 |
item.fully_annotated | 某条实例达到了所需的标注重叠数 |
task.completed | 任务中的所有实例都已完成标注 |
user.phase_completed | 标注者完成了一个阶段(Solo 模式流程) |
quality.attention_check_failed | 标注者未通过注意力检查 |
webhook.test | 通过管理 API 手动触发,用于测试 |
用 "*" 可以订阅当前及以后所有的事件类型。
Payload 格式
所有事件共用同一个外层结构:
json
{
"event_id": "evt_01HXYZ...",
"event_type": "annotation.created",
"timestamp": "2026-03-17T14:23:01Z",
"task_name": "sentiment-study",
"data": {
...
}
}annotation.created 的 payload
json
{
"event_type": "annotation.created",
"data": {
"annotator_id": "user123",
"instance_id": "doc_042",
"annotation": {
"sentiment": "positive",
"confidence": "high"
},
"submitted_at": "2026-03-17T14:23:01Z"
}
}item.fully_annotated 的 payload
json
{
"event_type": "item.fully_annotated",
"data": {
"instance_id": "doc_042",
"annotator_count": 3,
"annotations": [
{"annotator_id": "user1", "sentiment": "positive"},
{"annotator_id": "user2", "sentiment": "positive"},
{"annotator_id": "user3", "sentiment": "neutral"}
]
}
}task.completed 的 payload
json
{
"event_type": "task.completed",
"data": {
"task_name": "sentiment-study",
"total_instances": 500,
"total_annotations": 1500,
"completed_at": "2026-03-17T15:00:00Z"
}
}验证签名
配置了 secret 之后,Potato 会按 Standard Webhooks 规范(HMAC-SHA256)对每个请求签名。请求中包含三个 header:
| Header | 值 |
|---|---|
webhook-id | 本次投递的唯一 ID |
webhook-timestamp | 投递时的 Unix 时间戳 |
webhook-signature | HMAC-SHA256 签名 |
Python 验签
python
import hmac
import hashlib
import time
def verify_webhook(payload_bytes: bytes, headers: dict, secret: str) -> bool:
webhook_id = headers.get("webhook-id", "")
timestamp = headers.get("webhook-timestamp", "")
signature = headers.get("webhook-signature", "")
# Reject stale requests (older than 5 minutes)
if abs(time.time() - int(timestamp)) > 300:
return False
signed_content = f"{webhook_id}.{timestamp}.{payload_bytes.decode()}"
expected = hmac.new(
secret.encode(),
signed_content.encode(),
hashlib.sha256
).hexdigest()
return hmac.compare_digest(f"v1,{expected}", signature)Node.js 验签
javascript
const crypto = require('crypto');
function verifyWebhook(payload, headers, secret) {
const webhookId = headers['webhook-id'];
const timestamp = headers['webhook-timestamp'];
const signature = headers['webhook-signature'];
// Reject stale requests
if (Math.abs(Date.now() / 1000 - parseInt(timestamp)) > 300) {
return false;
}
const signedContent = `${webhookId}.${timestamp}.${payload}`;
const expected = crypto
.createHmac('sha256', secret)
.update(signedContent)
.digest('hex');
return crypto.timingSafeEqual(
Buffer.from(`v1,${expected}`),
Buffer.from(signature)
);
}重试行为
投递失败(响应非 2xx 或超时)会自动重试:
| 尝试次数 | 延迟 |
|---|---|
| 1(首次) | 立即 |
| 2 | 5 秒 |
| 3 | 30 秒 |
| 4 | 5 分钟 |
| 5 | 30 分钟 |
| 6 | 1 小时 |
6 次都失败后,该次投递被标记为永久失败。重试队列持久化在 SQLite 中,位于 {output_dir}/.webhooks/webhook_retries.db——待重试的任务在服务器重启后仍然保留。
监控与测试
管理 API
查看 webhook 状态和统计:
bash
# List all webhooks and their delivery statistics
curl -H "X-API-Key: $ADMIN_API_KEY" \
http://localhost:8000/admin/api/webhooks响应:
json
{
"endpoints": [
{
"name": "my-pipeline",
"url": "https://...",
"events": ["annotation.created"],
"active": true,
"stats": {
"total_emitted": 1240,
"total_failed": 3,
"pending_retries": 0,
"last_success": "2026-03-17T14:23:01Z"
}
}
]
}发送测试 webhook
bash
curl -X POST -H "X-API-Key: $ADMIN_API_KEY" \
http://localhost:8000/admin/api/webhooks/test \
-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
-d '{"endpoint_name": "my-pipeline"}'这会立即向指定端点发出一个 webhook.test 事件。
完整配置参考
yaml
webhooks:
enabled: true
endpoints:
- name: string # unique name for this endpoint
url: string # HTTPS URL to POST to
secret: string # optional HMAC secret for signature verification
events: # list of event types, or ["*"] for all
- annotation.created
active: true # set false to disable without removing
timeout: 10 # request timeout in seconds (default: 10)
max_retries: 6 # max retry attempts (default: 6)延伸阅读
- 管理后台 —— 监控标注进度并管理用户
- 质量控制 —— 配置触发
quality.attention_check_failed的注意力检查 - Solo 模式 —— 触发
user.phase_completed的分阶段流程 - 导出格式 —— 从 Potato 取出标注数据的其他方式
有关实现详情,请参阅源文档。